Category: FAQs
Engineered Spring Supports
- What does the red, white, and blue markings mean on a constant spring support?
- Regarding resilient support what do resilient springs provide?
- Regarding resilient support what does constant effort provide?
- What are the Variable Spring Types?
- What happens when the a piping load is more than the constant spring load?
- What if the Temperature used for designing the spring support has changed in the operation, is there a way to change the spring hanger without getting a new one?
- How do you compensate pipe movement?
- What do you use to coat furnace springs?
- What is a furnace spring?
- How does putting two spring in series reduce the spring rate?
- What are the basic steps when designing a spring hanger?
- How much movement does a Constant Spring Hanger allow?
- Can the load on the spring be lowered based on a spring can that is already designed and installed?
- Do Type E variable springs have 2 rods?
- What is the point of using multiple springs?
- Does the travel scale represent the movement of the spring or the actual pipe movement?
- When do you use a horizontal vs. vertical constant hanger?
- Can a Big Ton be buried for underground pipe support purpose?
- Are Big Ton’s springs parallel to one another or in a series?
- Can I order a variable spring which prevents downward movement and allows only upward movement?
- When a hanger rod is used to suspend a high temperature (1000 deg F) pipe, what is the rate of cooling along the hanger rod (deg F/inch of rod length)?
- For base type constant supports there will often be lateral loads due to friction as the pipe moves. Are there lateral load limits provided or is there some way to eliminate such load transfer?
- Is a big ton spring an alternative for a u-type or f-type variable spring?
- Is there a recommended space constraint for constant springs?
- Are both the upper and lower travel stops normally required on a variable spring?
- When do you use chained travel stops in variables springs hangers?
- What’s the minimum rod length recommended to be used with a variable spring?
- If a constant spring always allows the pipe to move downwards, then how does upthrust work?
- What should we do if we get more or less cold load than what is specified in the spring hanger?
- What are the things to be considered while de-blocking the spring hanger?
- What is the purpose of the spring “lock” on a variable spring can?
- What’s the best configuration to support an inclined pipe using the Type F spring?
- Can hanger supports accommodate lateral movement of the pipe?
- Is a roller bearing a part of a constant?
- What is the allowable deviation between preset hot/cold setting and actual pin position?
- What is the expected lifetime of a constant support spring hanger?
- Can a spring pipe support have neoprene rubber coating?
- How can we adjust a large (+/-100,000 lbs) big ton spring?
- What’s the difference between a neoprene coated coil and a baked epoxy/plastic coated spring coil?
- Is it practical to try to design a variable spring support or constant spring support for travel less than 0.1″?
- During a maintenance activity with a variable spring in the pinned condition, is there a recommended load limit for the locked spring unit?
- Are weep holes provided in the can to help let rain water drain away?
- What coatings are applied to the spring and spring can to resist corrosion in marine environments?
- What is the maximum temperature rating for the neoprene coating on the spring when it is in close proximity to a hot line or pressure vessel?
- When should I use a Type B or C variable spring?
- Can the constant travel or capacity change other than by overheating the spring?
- How does a spring hanger wear out?
- How much movement can variable springs take?
- How much horizontal movement can the D-Type variable spring take from the pipe?
- Is there a standard pre-compression used for spring supports?
- What type of situations would exist where the installed load is greater than the operating load?
- Why is there a minimum load for variable spring cans?
- What is meant by 6% deviation in terms of constant springs?
- What should be our horizontal displacement limit while choosing F-Type variable springs?
- What is a constant spring support?
- What is an example application for a Type F spring?
- How far can a spring go beyond the working range without adding extra thermal load on the piping?
- How often do you recommend maintenance and/or inspection on both your constant & variable springs?
- What is the difference between spring hangers and elastomeric hangers?
- What is meant by the installed height in a Type F variable spring?
- How does the height of the base (F-type) spring have to be specified with downward movement?
- What is a cold spring?
- What is it called when a spring hanger is above scale?
- When do you remove the pin from a spring hanger?
- How do you tighten a spring can?
- How do I specify final variable spring configuration?
- How do you check the alignment of the spring in the spring hanger?
- How does spring rate effect the load variation of the spring in stress analysis?
- How effective are hanger supports in pipeline failures?
- How do I know if I need spring hangers?
- What is the purpose of support rods when spring supports are used?
- When is it necessary to lock a spring support?
- How do I adjust the tension on a spring hanger?
- How do you set a piping spring support?
- How do you attach a spring to a rod?
- How do I verify tension on pipe hangers?
- How can you tell the spring rate for a hanger?
- How does a constant spring hanger work?
- How does a spring pipe support work?
- How do you install a spring support hanger?
- How do you calculate the loaded length in a spring?
- How do I adjust spring hangers?
- How do I remove travel stops in a spring hanger?
- Why do spring hangers have travel stops?
- Why is a variable spring a linear pipe support?
- Why use a 25% load variation on a variable spring hanger?
- Why are variable spring rates needed?
- Why must you lock a spring hanger during the hydro test?
- How does a variable spring hanger work?
- Why is a variable spring support designed at the “cold” load?
- What is a j-rod on a pipe support?
- What happens if variable spring variability increases?
- What does variability mean in pipe supports?
- What is a spring support?
- What are the sizes of hangers?
- What are travel stops that are used in springs?
- What position should a variable spring be adjusted to before the pipeline is put back into service after a shutdown?
- What do I do if a constant support is bottomed out?
- What are spring support jacking bolts?
- How do I set (load) a spring support?
- What are the sizes of spring supports?
- How do you read the load indicator on a spring support?
- How do you attach a spring support to a rod?
- How much weight can a spring support?
- How do I remove a spring support?
- How do I check the load setting of a spring support?
- How can I size a constant spring support?
- How do I inspect a spring support?
- How can I size a variable spring support?
- What is meant by “rod take-out” in spring supports?
- What is the maximum load variability of a variable spring hanger?
- What does travel mean when discussing spring supports?
- What does the hot or cold setting mean on a variable spring support?
- What are spring cans?
- What is a spring hanger?
- What is a base-mounted spring?
- What are spring supports used for?
- What is a variable spring support?
- What is the difference between a constant spring and a variable spring?
Expansion Joints
- 110" Tied Universal Expansion Joint Loading Timelapse
- Rectangular Dogbone Expansion Joint Fabrication
- Our largest diameter expansion joint is off to Virginia
- How does a toroidal expansion joint work?
- How many expansion joints should be used in a pipe?
- Where do we use expansion joints in piping?
- How do you service test an expansion joint?
General Questions
- What does LNG stand for – what is it?
- What is an Inner Thrust Ring?
- Where is a common area to find a piping deformation?
- Can you electrically isolate the piping from other structures?
- Is it cheaper to install pipes underground or above?
- Which standards are used when designing Constant Spring hangers?
- How do you attach a slide bearing plate to supporting structures?
- How do you compensate pipe movement?
- What do you use to coat furnace springs?
- What is a travel indicator?
- What is a travel stop?
- When should I consider replacing my Constant Spring?
- Do you consider load variation at all when sizing constant supports?
- What does D.N.V stand for?
- How does the cryogenic pipe shoe insulation withstand weathering?
- Could you tell me the difference of unfilled PTFE and filled PTFE?
- How do pipe supports reduce vibration?
- What is cold expansion?
- What is the difference between a shock and a strut?
- What is a Pipe Spool?
- What is the difference between a cold load and hot load with a variable spring?
- How do you protect steel from corrosion?
- How does Zinc protect steel from corrosion?
- What are the basic steps when designing a spring hanger?
- What factors go into calculating Pipe Thickness?
- Is it possible that the rod/spring coming down from the spring support can be welded directly to the pipe in order to support it?
- What is a T-Bar?
- What is the function of a spring?
- How do you define a hydro-test pressure based on design pressure?
- What is a flow rate?
- Does materials incompatibility play a role on stress analysis?
- Can you give examples of solids that are transferable via a pipe?
- Can the load on the spring be lowered based on a spring can that is already designed and installed?
- Does an anchor restrict motion in all direction that is X-Y-Z directions?
- What is the difference between a snubber, sway brace and sway strut?
- What is the maximum sag usually considered when designing a steel piping system?
- What is sag when referring to a pipe?
- What is thermal bowing?
- How do you know when you are above the maximum force that the system can take?
- Regarding various types of pipe clamp devices, are these devices also suitable for use with polymer material pipe?
- How can I model your supports into CAESAR II?
- How vital are pipe stess results to pipe support design?
- How much compressive strength does the marinite material permit?
- What is general curing time when referring to pre-insulated pipe supports?
- How do we inspect load cells and what is the criteria for their positioning?
- What do you use as a bonding material for the PTFE to the stainless steel or other hold down plates?
- What is the isolation pad material?
- What is the standard protective coating/painting system used for the carbon steel snubbers and sway struts for offshore or corrosive environment like application?
- Does change in density imply change in thermal conductivity?
- We use a low pressure steam heater to heat rail cars at our asphalt terminal, will high temperature insulated pipe supports allow for proper expansion and contraction of the piping?
- Will the load of fluid flowing through the pipe be considered as a varying load? or is that included in the basic piping weight?
- What is STAAD analysis?
- When you take a compression test to failure, what is the failure criteria?
- The dimensions of the support are checked as individual pieces or after it has been welded into a full assembly?
- Will the load of fluid flowing through the pipe be considered as a varying load?
- How do I determine whether the pipe loads will be varying?
- What is the maximum spring rate decay in percentage required to replace it?
- Can the spring be re-calibrated?
- What’s the maximum temperature rating for the galvanized finish?
- Do you have a recommendation to prevent quick corrosion in a salty environment?
- Which of your pipe supports hold an NS certificate for nuclear compliance?
- What is marinite insulation block?
- What is laminated beechwood?
- What is the difference between pipe supports and restraints?
- What is FRP?
- What is a 3-coat paint system?
- What is the centerline of the pipe?
- What does axial pipe restraint mean?
- What are the different types of supports in piping?
- What is R-Stamp certification?
- What is standard PT&P finish on catalog items?
- What causes pipe vibrations?
- What is U-Stamp certification?
- How do you double nut a pipe hanger?
- How do you calculate how much load a particular pipe support can take?
- How many pipe hangers do I need on my pipe?
- How resistant to movement are pipe clamps?
- How do I attach a pipe hanger to a concrete deck?
- How do I make a request for quotation?
- How much weight can a pipe support?
- How do I get a pipe support custom made?
- Where do you anchor piping?
- How do you prevent corrosion on pipe supports?
- Why do you paint carbon steel material?
- Why is permali wood used for cryogenic pipe supports?
- What is axial pipe movement?
- Is neoprene or galvanized coating a better option?
- What are the standards used for the design of your pipe supports?
- How many types of insulation do you provide?
- What is Piping Technology?
- What is galvanized steel?
- What is galvanized coating?
- How do you perform a burst test?
- What is burst testing?
- What are EDI capabilities?
- How do you pre-insulate pipe?
- What is the density of polyurethane?
- How is vertical piping suspended?
- How do I figure out the length needed for a u-bolt rod?
- What is the name of the temporary stand used to hold pipes in place?
- What are resting supports for piping?
- What is a pipe trunnion?
- What is the centerline in pipe supports?
- What are the different types of pipe supports in refineries?
- What is a pipe support?
- What is Permali®?
Hold-Down Clamps
- Where will the hold down supports be used?
- How do you predict the piping system movement? If I fail to get the correct travel and direction, will I end up damaging the snubber?
- How do I anchor a pipe to exterior brick?
- How do I clamp a pipe to a wall?
- How does one mount a pipe to the floor?
- What is the function of the pad on a hold-down pipe clamp?
- What are hold-down clamps?
Miscellaneous Fabrication
- When is a neoprene coat necessary?
- What is an anchor bolt?
- What is a Pipe Spool?
- How do I install FRP Pads?
- Does materials incompatibility play a role on stress analysis?
- What are embed plates?
- What is a pig receiver?
- What is a pig launcher?
- When are pig launchers required on piping systems?
- When is a spectacle blind necessary?
- What is a spool duct?
- What is a bellmouth reducer?
- At what temperature does personnel protection need to be applied to a pipe?
- What is cable mounting?
Pipe Clamps
- Are light duty clamps for gas service and heavy duty for liquid service?
- How much displacement can be accommodated on a hanging clamp pipe support?
- How does one accommodate horizontal displacement of a pipe support?
- What is the axial restraint between the foam insulation and a pipe clamp?
- Where the clamp has the PTFE applied directly, do you require a mating material on the pipe or a special surface preparation on the pipe?
- Do the Bolts require a certain Torque level? If so how is this accomplished?
- Why are the “wings” so long on the riser clamp?
- When should I use a clevis instead of a clamp?
- When should I use a Yoke clamp instead of a bolted clamp?
- In clamps that operate at higher temperatures, how do you specify the bolting torque?
- If we can exceed the pipe hoops stress when using clamps, how do we prevent the field guys from damaging the pipe?
- We are using plastic composite piping especially offshore due to corrosion like glass reinforced piping. How do the clamps differ for these materials instead of steel or stainless?
- Why are pipe clamps on a horizontal pipe assembled with 45° bolting holes direction?
- What type of clamp finish (i.e. unfinished or galvanized) do you suggest to use if dry graphite lubricant is applied to the clamping surface?
- Can clamps with a galvanized surface be welded to a steel structure (for support purpose) or the surface needs to be ground prior to welding?
- Is the use of pipe clamps recommended for vibrating piping systems?
- Clamp with insulation may be the source of water ingress, which may lead to corrosion. How do you tackle that situation?
- In the design of the three bolt clamp, are the top bolts smaller or is the single bolt connection adequate to retain proper clamping?
- Are the loads on customized units stamped on the clamp?
- What is the major benefit or reason for using a yoke pipe clamp as opposed to regular two bolt pipe clamp?
- What is your temperature limit for HDG carbon steel clamps?
- How do you use riser clamps?
- How resistant to movement are pipe clamps?
- What are cradle clamps?
- What is a pipe clamp?
- What is a pipe cradle?
- What is a riser clamp?
- Why is a clamp support used in cold lines?
- What clamps do I use to hold two pipes together?
Pipe Shoes, Guides, & Saddles
- Regarding rigid supports what is the function of anchors?
- Does an anchor restrict motion in all direction that is X-Y-Z directions?
- Can you use insulated piping on pipe rollers? Would the insulation be crushed?
- Do you have rules of thumb for selecting insulation thickness?
- How would you support a sloped line with a Type F variable spring?
- What is a hot shoe?
- How do you bond FRP pads to the pipe?
- What are FRP wear pads used for?
- What type of FRP products do you fabricate?
- What can I use to avoid metal to metal contact of a pipe clamp on carbon steel pipe?
- What is a gusset in a cold shoe?
- How do I service high temperature supports for pipes?
- How do you support stainless steel pipe shoes?
- How do pipe supports for cold insulated lines differ from those for hot insulated lines?
- How are pipe shoes connected to a beam?
- How do you inspect pipe shoes?
- Where do you place adjustable supports in piping systems?
- How do I attach an anchor to a pipe without welding?
- How do I attach pipe shields over insulation?
- How can I anchor pre-insulated piping for cryogenic systems?
- How do you support pipe risers?
- How do you attach spider pipe guides to structural steel?
- How does a cold shoe pipe support work?
- How can I install Glass Reinforced pipe shoes on metal pipe?
- How do you measure insulation saddles for piping?
- Why use a cryogenic support for a cold pipeline?
- What is a Split-T?
- Why is a pipe shoe required for insulated lines?
- What is a pipe guide?
- What is a cold shoe?
- What does insulation for shoes look like?
- What can I use to hold down insulation?
- What is a pipe anchor support?
- What are the properties of polyurethane?
- When would one use piping cold shoes?
- What is a pipe shoe?
- How do you size saddles for pipe insulation?
- What is the importance of a pipe guide?
- How do I install a saddle support for piping?
- Why use pipe shoes on un-insulated lines?
- What is a saddle support?
- What are pipe straps?
- What is a pipe saddle?
- Regarding rigid supports what is the function of guides?
Pipe Support Hardware
- What is the purpose of a three bolt clamp?
- What is a saddle covering?
- How do I install FRP Pads?
- How much length adjustment of hanger rods are permitted in a turnbuckle?
- Why are roller hangers used on pipes?
- What is a steel washer plate?
- What is a bearing plate?
- Are u-bolts allowed for insulated steam lines?
- Do we add a safety margin to the load of pipe supports?
- Why does maximum temperature for a Figure 89 have a temperature limited to 650˚F?
- From a corrosion stand point, are your rollers good for offshore applications?
- How does the roller support fit with insulated pipe, as the insulation may be squeezed?
- Does an adjustable clevis hanger cause a resistance to lateral or axial movement?
- What makes an adjustable clevis hanger adjustable?
- What is a threaded device to hang pipes?
- What are lug plates?
- When are shear lugs required on pipe supports?
- How do you ensure safety on a rod type turnbuckle?
- How do you join a steel washer to a steel rod?
- When do I use roller supports in a piping system?
- How do I anchor piping at trapeze type pipe hangers?
- How do I attach a flat plate to a pipe?
- How do I weld an anchor rod to an embed plate?
- How can I get something to roll on a pipe device?
- When do you use a linked eye rod?
- Why do we have to hot dip galvanize a u-bolt support?
- Why is a turnbuckle used with pipe supports?
- What is a clevis and yoke?
- What determines the size of a wear pad used on a pipe?
- What can be attached to structural site components to support the vertical load of the pipe?
- What bonds PTFE?
- What is a clevis plate?
- What are the layers used in a PTFE plate for pipe supports?
- What does a steel clevis look like?
- Where are bearing plates typically used?
- How do you bond PTFE to metal?
- What is a PTFE bearing pad?
- What is PTFE?
- How do I install a turnbuckle?
- How strong are hanger rods?
- When do you use the u-bolt to guide the pipe?
- How do I install a clevis?
- How do I specify u-bolts for pipes?
- What is a welding lug?
- What is an eye rod?
- What does long tangent mean for u-bolts?
- What are hanger rods?
- How do I select a pipe hanger?
- What is a trapeze hanger?
- What is a roller hanger?
- What is a clevis hanger?
Piping Systems
- What are individual Stress-Intensification Factors (SIF) applied for?
- What is the Stress-Intensification Factor?
- What does the Maximum Shear Stress Theory state?
- Out of the Six Theories of Failure, which are the 2 that are the most widely used?
- What does the Maximum Principle Stress Theory state?
- What are the 5 modes of failure of piping design?
- What is the purpose of Stress Analysis?
- What is Stress Analysis?
- What is the Stress-Strain curve?
- What are the 5 majority causes of failures (after flexibility analysis) of a system?
- What are the effects of excessive flexibility?
- What are the methods of incorporating flexibility in a piping arrangement?
- What is the purpose of flexibility analysis?
- What is the objective of having flexibility within a piping system?
- What are some applications for a piping system?
- What are some adverse operating conditions of a piping system?
- Why is fluid velocity controlled?
- What is a two phase flow?
- Why do piping systems use pumps?
- Why must piping system pressure drops be maintained?
- What is dynamic head?
- What is system static head?
- In regards to backflow, what is back syphonage?
- In regards to the syphon effect, what conditions are backflow or reverseflow caused by?
- In regards to backflow, what is back pressure?
- What is the purpose of the syphon principle?
- In regards to the syphon effect, what is the syphon principle?
- What is the first critical value of piping size criteria?
- In regards to the fifth step of the hardy cross method which is to add pseudo loops what does this step entail?(
- In regards to the fourth step of the hardy cross method which is to assign direction what does this step entail?
- In regards to the third step of the hardy cross method which is the number system, what does this step entail?
- What does the hardy cross method determine?
- In regards to the first step of the hardy cross method which is to determine flow what does this step entail?
- In regards to the second step of the hardy cross method which is to number loops what does this step entail?
- What are branching pipes?
- What is the goal in head loss calculation?
- What does it mean when two-pipe systems are said to be equivalent?
- What do power piping systems refer to?
- What are power piping systems intended to convey?
- What is series piping?
- In regards to water piping systems, what is a service system?
- What do process piping systems refer to?
- What are process piping systems intended to convey?
- What are the two main purposes of water distribution?
- In regards to water piping systems, what is a condenser system?
- What is the purpose of distribution mains?
- What is the purpose of transmission lines?
- What is the common industrial use of the in-plant utility?
- What is the purpose of service lines?
- What are the four general types of water distribution?
- What are the three types of piping systems discussed?
- In regards to design considerations of pressure vessels, when are isolation valves usually provided?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessel and the bottom head of skirt supported vessel why should the flanged connections be outside of the skirt?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessels, where will the pipe supports be attached?
- In water distribution systems, a distribution system is usually designed in what three configurations?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessels, when does the piping drop or rise?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessels, who controls the nozzle location?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessels, what should also be taken into account between the vessel shell and the piping?
- In regards to the application guidelines of tanks, what are flammable liquids?
- In regards to the design considerations of pressure vessels, how will vessel specifications determined?
- In regards to the application guidelines of tanks, what are feed tanks?
- In regards to the application guidelines of tanks, what are block valves?
- In regards to the design considerations of tanks, what is the function of the technostructure?
- In regards to the design considerations of tanks, what is the function of the support staff?
- In regards to tanks, what are the three application guidelines?
- In regards to the design considerations of tanks, what is the function of the operating core?
- In regards to the design considerations of tanks, what is the function of the strategic apex?
- In regards to the design considerations of tanks, what is the function of the middle line?
- What is a pressure vessel?
- What is a tank?
- What does a pump curve provides details of?
- What are the application guidelines for centrifugal pumps?
- In centrifugal pumps, what do pump heads measure?
- What are regulating valves used for?
- What is the purpose of backflow prevention?
- What are protection valves used for?
- What are different types of stop or isolation valves?
- In pipings and fittings, what does an increase in pipe diameter effect?
- In pipings and fittings, what does a decrease in pipe diameter effect?
- In piping and fittings, what can decrease cost of pipe configuration?
- In pipings and fittings, how is head loss calculated?
- In pipings and fittings, what does higher viscosity fluid equal?
- In pipings and fittings, what is selection of pipe thickness dependent on?
- In piping and fittings, what all is included in the combination of parameters?
- In pipings and fittings, how is stress managed?
- In pipings and fittings, what is pressure vessels piping defined by?
- In Piping and fittings, what are specs based on?
- In regards to piping system components, what is transmission?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is mass balance?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, how does energy act?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is energy?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, how is work described?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, What is the reynolds number?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is viscosity?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is the law of equilibrium?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is the formula for Net Pressure Suction Head?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, how is head defined?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, how is head loss defined?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, why is pressure monitored?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, why does pressure loss occur?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what are the types of flow rate?
- In regards to fluid properties, defines couples?
- In regards to fluid properties, what are simple forces?
- In regards to fluid properties, define moment?
- Why are material considerations important for design basis regarding pipe supports?
- Material in pipes can be gas, liquid or vapor. Describe the fluid properties of gas.
- Describe the loading conditions for design basis regarding pipe supports.
- Why are environmental factors important for design basis regarding pipe supports?
- What are the parameters that govern physical attributes in design basis for pipe support design?
- What are the four design basis to consider regarding piping design?
- In regards to fluid properties in the piping system, what is power?
- What is the Maximum Shear Theory when referring to operating outside the limits in the piping system?
- What is the Maximum Principle Theory when refering to operating outside the limits in the the piping system?
- When does failure by over stress occur in the piping system?
- When does failure by fatigue occur in the piping system?
- When does failure by fracture occur in the piping system?
- What is the second critical value of piping size criteria?
- What would be classified as an internal force?
- What is deformation mode of failure in a piping system?
- What are the two stress theories in design considerations of piping systems?
- What are modes of failure in design considerations when dealing with piping systems?
- What is the “hot” condition of a piping system?
- What state of the piping system is initial and ambient?
- What state of the piping system is full and operational?
- What are factors to take into consideration when designing high energy piping systems?
- What are some examples of treatment facilities?
- What does “Balance of Plant” refer to?
- What are examples of facilities for consumers?
- Where is piping used?
- What types of media do piping systems transfer?
- What type of resources do piping systems transfer?
- What is the purpose of piping systems?
- How are failures due to inadequate flexibility now almost nonexistent?
- What is the importance of flexibility in a piping system?
- Why is necessary to eliminate excessive flexibility?
Power Plants
Refineries
Slide Plates
- What is the coefficient of friction of the glass filled slide plates?
- What is the coefficient of friction of polish stainless steel slide plate?
- Can a steel section slide come in direct contact with a slide plate or do you always use two slide plates; where one is attached to support and the other is attached to the supported element?
- Can the amount of heat generated due to welding slide plates affect the composition of the PTFE material?
- Could the upper slide plate be smaller, sized to support the load, and the lower slide plate sized larger to accommodate the movement of the upper plate?
- What is a bearing plate?
- For offshore platform applications, do you recommend stainless steel base material for the sliding plate?
- How can we use slide plates effectively for steam lines?
- Once installed, have you seen any problem with sand and grit getting onto the slide plates and causing problems?
- How do we decide whether to use the 7/16″ or the 11/32″ application of PTFE?
- Which slide plate material would you recommend for high cycle applications?
- Is there a difference in thermal expansion rates between the slide plate and backing plate taken into account to prevent delaminating?
- In a cold climate where slide plates are used outdoors, is there a life span or other special things to consider?
- Can PTFE slide plate material be used against PTFE or should it be used as PTFE to stainless?
- For applications above 400 degrees F, what material is recommended for slide plates?
- What is the maximum temperature recommended for PTFE plates?
- Does an increase in load generate a reduction in the friction coefficient in PTFE?
- How long are each of the slide plate elements designed to last for and do they require much maintenance and replacement?
- Are there improper ways to install PTFE slide plates that would cause them to debond, degrade, or crunch?
- What are reasons why the PTFE or Graphite pads peel off the backing plates?
- Does weather, such as rain, snow, cold or heat have significant impact on corrosion or the friction coefficient of slide plates?
- When do you provide sliding bearings for steel beams?
- How is PTFE used below the pipe saddle?
- How high of a temperature can we use graphite slide plates?
- When do I use a slide plate with a pipe shoe?
- What is the purpose of and benefit of using glass filled slide plates?
- Why are slide plates sometimes required in a piping system?
- How do you install slide plates?
- What is the use of a slide plate?
- What is a slide plate?
Snubbers, Sway Braces, & Sway Struts
- Regarding dynamic restraint devices describe the limit stops.
- Regarding dynamic restraint devices describe how a snubber is activated?
- Regarding dynamic restraint devices describe the sway strut.
- Regarding rigid supports what is the function of restraints?
- What happens when a snubber has a high displacement rate?
- How do snubbers react to sustained loads and transient loads?
- How does the snubber lock immediately during a transient load?
- What is the difference between a snubber, sway brace and sway strut?
- What is pipe wake?
- Functionally, can a sway brace be replaced by a variable spring hanger, placed horizontally?
- What is the exact use of a reservoir cylinder in a hydraulic snubber?
- Would sway braces typically be used in pairs or individually?
- What is the difference between a sway brace and a variable spring hanger?
- Can a snubber be used to arrest the imposed force due to safety valve blowing?
- Where slug flow may exist in a piping system, is a snubber the proper element to use to dampen the impulse forces in the piping?
- Can a hydraulic snubber handle more load than a mechanical snubber?
- What are the advantages of using hydraulic snubbers over mechanical snubbers?
- Do hydraulic snubbers have longer strokes than mechanical snubbers?
- What are hot settings, piston setting, cold settings, and pre-set of a snubber?
- If a mechanical snubber fails, can we have some locking arrangement to restrict complete imbalance and avoid major catastrophe?
- How are mechanical snubbers different from spring hangers?
- What is the lowest temperature a hydraulic snubber can operate?
- Do mechanical snubbers need maintenance over a period of time, since there is no fluid involved?
- Does the hydraulic fluid that is contained within the hydraulic snubber have a defined service life?
- Why are mechanical snubbers preferred for nuclear plants?
- What are the maintenance cycles on hydraulic snubbers?
- In the case of movements in both horizontal and vertical direction would you advise to use snubber?
- Will a horizontal snubber allow vertical movement of pipe?
- What is the minimum amplitude of vibration for which snubbers are effective?
- Based on your past experience of your snubber damage, what are the common causes?
- What are the limitations for using hydraulic vs. mechanical snubbers? Displacements? Frequencies?
- How do snubbers behave in wind and tornado loading?
- Is there a difference for drag force for hydraulic and mechanical snubber?
- What is the cost comparison between mechanical and hydraulic snubbers?
- How much thermal movement is allowed by hydraulic snubber?
- What typical abnormal circumstances require a snubber?
- What are typical errors you see when engineers specify snubbers?
- Do hydraulic snubbers require more maintenance?
- How do you predict the piping system movement? If I fail to get the correct travel and direction, will I end up damaging the snubber?
- Do hydraulic snubbers have to be installed with their reservoir in any particular orientation?
- What is the criteria required to order a mechanical or hydraulic snubber?
- What does the travel of a snubber mean?
- What is the criteria to choose a mechanical or a hydraulic snubber?
- What equipment absorbs shock and resists motion in tension and compression?
- What is free stroke for a sway brace?
- How do snubber supports work in dynamic conditions?
- How often do snubbers require maintenance?
- How does a rigid strut take compressive load?
- How do you adjust a snubber?
- How does a hydraulic snubber work?
- What are piping struts?
- What is a sway brace?
- What is a hydraulic snubber?
- What is a mechanical snubber?
- What are the ranges of motion of a hydraulic snubber?
- How can I test a snubber?
- How do I use a snubber?
- When should I install a piping snubber?
- What does a pipe snubber look like?
- What is a pipe snubber?
- What is a shock suppressor?
- What do sway braces do?
- What are sway suppressors?
Stress Analysis
- What are individual Stress-Intensification Factors (SIF) applied for?
- What is the Stress-Intensification Factor?
- What does the Maximum Shear Stress Theory state?
- Out of the Six Theories of Failure, which are the 2 that are the most widely used?
- What does the Maximum Principle Stress Theory state?
- What are the 5 modes of failure of piping design?
- What is the purpose of Stress Analysis?
- What is Stress Analysis?
- What is the Stress-Strain curve?
- What are the 5 majority causes of failures (after flexibility analysis) of a system?
- What are the effects of excessive flexibility?
- What are the methods of incorporating flexibility in a piping arrangement?
- What is the purpose of flexibility analysis?
- What is the objective of having flexibility within a piping system?
- How do you define a hydro-test pressure based on design pressure?
- Does materials incompatibility play a role on stress analysis?
- Does an anchor restrict motion in all direction that is X-Y-Z directions?
- What is pipe wake?
- What is thermal bowing?
- What is creep?
- How do you know when you are above the maximum force that the system can take?
- Why is the thermal analysis done at the design temperature?
- How are failures due to inadequate flexibility now almost nonexistent?
- What is the importance of flexibility in a piping system?
- Why is necessary to eliminate excessive flexibility?
SWECO Fab Inc.
- For an export gas pipeline, would you combine the pig launcher and receiver or separate them?
- Do you design the davit or is it designed from another vendor?
- Do you only use ASME Codes to evaluate pressure vessels or do you also use other standards such as CODNAP and AD Merkblatter for reduction in thickness of vessels?
- Why is there a major and minor barrel in a pig launcher and receiver?
- How do you define a hydro-test pressure based on design pressure?
- What is a davit?
- What is a spectacle blind?
- What is a flow rate?
- How does an orifice plate work?
- What is an orifice plate?
- What type of media can pass through a transition piece?
- Can duct work include expansion joints?
- What is duct work?
- Are dampers motor-driven?
- What is a damper?
- What is R-Stamp certification?
- What is U-Stamp certification?
- How do you analyze duct work?